Who Is Today’s Buyer?

It has always been the American Dream to be independent and in control of one’s own destiny. Owning your own business is the best way to meet that goal.  Many people dream about owning their own business, but when it gets right down to it, they just can’t make that leap of faith that is necessary to actually own one’s own business.  Business brokers know from their experience that out of fifteen or so people who inquire about buying a business, only one will become an owner of a business. Today’s buyer is most likely from the corporate world and well-educated, but not experienced in the business-buying process.  These buyers are very number-conscious and detail-oriented.  They require supporting documents for almost everything and will either use outside advisors or will do the verification themselves, but verify they will.  A person who is realistic and understands that he or she can’t buy a business with a profit of millions for $10 down is probably serious.  They must be able to … [Read more...]

Why Deals Fall Apart — Loss of Momentum

Deals fall apart for many reasons – some reasonable, others unreasonable. For example: • The seller doesn’t have all his financials up to date. • The seller doesn’t have his legal/environmental/administrative affairs up to date. • The buyer can’t come up with the necessary financing. • The well known “surprise” surfaces causing the deal to fall apart. The list could go on and on and this subject has been covered many times. However, there are more hidden reasons that threaten to end a deal usually half to three-quarters of the way to closing. These hidden reasons silently lead to a lack of or loss of momentum. This essentially means a lack of forward progress. No one notices at first. Even the advisors who are busy doing the necessary due diligence and paperwork don’t notice the waning or missing momentum.  Even though a slow-down in momentum may not be noticeable at first, an experienced business intermediary will catch it. Let’s say a buyer can’t get through to the seller.  The … [Read more...]

How’s Your Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?

Your first question may be, “Just what is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?” We see CSR demonstrated in a variety of ways in areas such as: THE COMMUNITY: o Contributing to local community programs through financial support and personal involvement THE ENVIRONMENT: o Using packaging and containers that are environmentally-friendly o Recycling o Using low-emission and high mileage vehicles where possible o Seeking more efficient manufacturing processes, etc. THE MARKETPLACE: o Utilizing responsible advertising, public relations and business conduct o Exercising fair treatment of suppliers/vendors, contractors and shareholder THE WORKPLACE: o Implementing fair and equitable treatment of employees o Upholding workplace safety, equal opportunity employment and labor standards Actions such as these not only uphold today’s business standards, but they also pave the way for future generations. In years past, many of these elements were considered almost anti-business and some had … [Read more...]

Personal Goodwill: Who Owns It?

Personal Goodwill has always been a fascinating subject, impacting the sale of many small to medium-sized businesses – and possibly even larger companies. How is personal goodwill developed? An individual starts a business and, during the process, builds one or more of the following: • A positive personal reputation • A personal relationship with many of the largest customers and/or suppliers • Company products, publications, etc., as the sole author, designer, or inventor The creation of personal goodwill occurs far beyond just customers and suppliers. Over the years, personal goodwill has been established through relationships with tax advisors, doctors, dentists, attorneys, and other personal service providers.  While these relationships are wonderful benefits, they are, unfortunately, non-transferable. There is an old saying:  In businesses built around personal goodwill, the goodwill goes home at night. It can be difficult to sell a business, regardless of size, where personal … [Read more...]

Ownership Transition — Survey Results

Mass Mutual Life Insurance Company provided the following survey results based on family-owned businesses. Although the survey was conducted several years ago, the results are still quite revealing, and still applicable. • Four out of five companies are still controlled by the founders. • 30% of family-owned companies will change leadership within the next five years. • 55% of companies fail to conduct regular valuations of the company. • 55% of CEOs who are 61 or older have not chosen a successor. • 13% of CEOs will never retire. • 90% of businesses will continue as family owned. • 85% of successor CEOs will be a family member. • 20% of family owners have not completed any estate planning. • 55% of family owners do not have a formal company valuation for estate tax estimates. • 60% of businesses do not have a written strategic plan. • 48% of companies rely on life insurance to cover estate taxes. The above survey indicates that many family businesses are not optimizing their … [Read more...]

An Update on Earnouts

New accounting rules may require that acquirers and acquiring companies report earnout agreements as liabilities. Joel Johnson, president of Orchard Partners Inc., in his article, “Earnouts,” published by Valuation Strategies, states: "In a given year, 2% - 3% of announced mergers and acquisition agreements involve earnouts.  These figures probably understate their prevalence.  Earnouts tend to be a characteristic of smaller deals; and in many small deals, terms are not announced.  Earnouts are rare when public companies are acquired and more common when ownership is concentrated among a few shareholders." This would mean, if implemented, that earnout agreements must have a value placed on them for accounting purposes. As Joel Johnson points out, “The higher the earnout, the greater the liability.” Why the Earnout? Johnson further states that earnouts are used for various reasons: 1. to bridge the pricing gap between the seller who places a heavy emphasis on the company's … [Read more...]

Remember: It Is Not Always the Price

The following are situations where the price was not the deciding issue in the successful sell of a business. The ultimate buyer may be the only one who really understands the situation. A business intermediary really understands the issues and can lead the buyer and seller to a successful resolution. • One seller had 60 shareholders who needed to walk away from the deal.  The losing buyer wanted all selling shareholders to be accountable for the "reps and warranties."  The winning buyer waived the reps and warranties at closing. • A seller's management team wanted some future upside in the deal.  The losing buyer offered all cash and normal compensation.  The winning buyer offered 80% cash, 20% stock plus 3-year earnout on revenues -- including acquisitions. • Time was of the essence.  The losing buyer needed 30 day due diligence and negotiations plus a 60-day window to close the deal.  The winning buyer offered to close within 40 days of the Letter of Intent and agreed to have … [Read more...]

The Three Ways to Negotiate

Basically, there are three major negotiation methods. 1. Take it or leave it. A buyer makes an offer or a seller makes a counter-offer – both sides can let the “chips fall where they may.” 2. Split the difference. The buyer and seller, one or the other, or both, decide to split the difference between what the buyer is willing to offer and what the seller is willing to accept. A real oversimplification, but often used. 3. This for that. Both buyer and seller have to find out what is important to each.  So many of these important areas are non-monetary and involve personal things such as allowing the owner’s son to continue employment with the firm.  The buyer may want to move the business. There is an old adage that advises, “Never negotiate your own deal!” The first thing both sides have to decide on is who will represent them.  Will they have their attorney, their intermediary or will they go it alone?  Intermediaries are a good choice for a seller.  They have done it before, are … [Read more...]

Due Diligence — Do It Now!

Due diligence is generally considered an activity that takes place as part of the selling process. It might be wise to take a look at the business from a buyer’s perspective in performing due diligence as part of an annual review of the business.  Performing due diligence does two things: (1) It provides a valuable assessment of the business by company management, and (2) It offers the company an accurate profile of itself, just in case the decision is made to sell, or an acquirer suddenly appears at the door. This process, when performed by a serious acquirer, is generally broken down into five basic areas: • Marketing due diligence • Financial due diligence • Legal due diligence • Environmental due diligence • Management/Employee due diligence Marketing Issues It has been said that many company officers/CEOs have never taken a look at the broad picture of their industry; in other words, they know their customers, but not their industry.  For example, here are just a few questions … [Read more...]

The Offering Memorandum

A solid, factual and compelling offering memorandum maximizes the chances of not only selling a business, but obtaining the highest possible price.  An offering memorandum is also referred to as the selling memorandum, a confidential descriptive memorandum, or simply as “the book.” The memorandum, regardless of the terminology used, must be as factual as possible, but the Executive Summary portion of it allows for a bit of “selling the sizzle.”  Most potential buyers want to know the basics of the company and of the deal right at the beginning.  What is the proposed transaction and what are some of the company highlights?  The executive summary should also contain an outline of the ownership and management structure, a description of the business, some financial highlights, a quick review of the company’s products and/or services, its markets, reason for sale and any other major items of importance. The executive summary, then, is a quick synopsis of the items covered in the offering … [Read more...]